Organic building blocks are a class of organic functionalized molecules, which are the basic components of organic synthesis. Common organic building blocks include alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, carbonyl compounds, halogenated hydrocarbons, nitrogen compounds, phosphorus compound, organosilicon compounds, oxygen compounds, selenium compounds, etc.
Organic building blocks can be used for bottom-up modular assembly of molecular structures, such as supramolecular complexes, metal-organic frameworks, organic molecular constructs, and nanoparticles. Therefore, they play a fundamental role in medicinal chemistry, organic chemistry and materials chemistry.
The synthesis of polymers, supramolecular complexes and inorganic-organic hybrid materials using organic building blocks is one of the research hotspots in the field of materials chemistry. For example, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) used rigid molecules as organic building blocks [1], which were easy to achieve precise construction and functional customization of framework structures at the molecular level, and built ordered ion channel structures with favorable physical and chemical microenvironments. Meanwhile, stable covalent bonding in COFs could provide a robust host framework to withstand the temperature and humidity changes during material use, providing an attractive prospect for the development of high-performance AEMs.
Small organic building blocks are frequently used for supramolecular self-assembly in biomedicine due to their simple structure, ease of modification, and reproducibility. The dynamic and adaptive nature of self-assembled nanoarchitectures affords an enhanced sensitivity to the changes in environmental conditions, favoring their applications in controllable drug release and bioimaging. Functionalized assemblies are categorized according to their topological morphologies and functions, mainly including vesicles, nanoparticles, and micelles. For example, using organic building blocks, Li et al. developed a novel salt-free surfactant vesicle by ion exchange that can be used as a pH fluorescence sensor [2].
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